This study introduces a new design of planar antenna array for ISM band applications\nat 2.4 GHz. This prototype is switched beam antenna, namely planar antenna\nwith four meandered slotted triangular elements (PAFMSTE), which is proposed for\nwireless indoor applications. The Base Station (BS) equipped with this planar antenna\nis preferred to be at the center position on the room ceiling to cover all sectors of\nthe room. It is designed to use four directional triangular elements arranged to form\na square planar antenna array. The PAFMSTE is used to obtain optimal directivity in\nfour directions in azimuth plane with 3 dB beamwidth of 90Ã?Å¡ at a specific orientation\nof 30Ã?Å¡ in elevation plane. Switched parasitic technique is used to enable PAFMSTE to\nsteer a directional beam through four locations by using four PIN diodes switches.\nThe High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is used as an efficient simulation\ntool to optimize the performance of the PAFMSTE antenna. The fabrication and\nmeasurements of the PAFMSTE antenna are introduced. The proposed antenna enable\nradio positioning via Angle of Arrival (AOA) information collected from nearby\ndevices. Then, the CramÃ?©r-Rao Bound (CRB) is presented for AOA estimation using\nidentically and equally spaced antenna elements. The CRB depends on the directivity,\nwhere the maximum values of CRB are 1.35 Ã?â?? 10âË?â??3 and 8 Ã?â?? 10âË?â??3 at HPBW of 60Ã?Å¡ and\n90Ã?Å¡, respectively.
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